Catalyst: Plastic Oceans - ABC TV Sciencedownload segment mp. MB)NARRATIONIn our throw away world a plastic bag outlives it's usefulness after around fifteen minutes. A plastic bottle might last a little longer, party balloons a whole occasion. But the ocean likes to hang onto these discarded treasures for decades, even centuries giving many other consumers a taste for plastic. Dr Britta Denise Hardesty. Click here for our disclaimer about links to other websites. Heinemann Biology 3rd Edition Preliminary – weblinks. MimetypeMETA-INF/container.xml1.0 urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:container OEBPS/content.opf application/oebps-package+xml OEBPS/content.opfOEBPS/Images/$love. Open it up and have a quick look. NARRATIONThis is a dead flesh footed shearwater. What you're about to see may make you feel sick to the stomach. ![]() Ocean acidification is the ongoing decrease in the pH of the Earth's oceans, caused by the uptake of carbon dioxide (CO 2) from the atmosphere. Seawater is slightly. Join today and you can easily save your favourite articles, join in the conversation and comment, plus select which news your want direct to your inbox. Join today. Opel Agila A. Agila to model ma. Od pierwszej prezentacji Agili w. ![]() Global Mean Sea Level Csiro Diet RecipesGlobal Mean Sea Level Csiro Diet Australia
But if you care about your own health and you like the odd bit of seafood this is essential viewing. Dr Britta Denise Hardesty. Oh look at that. Anja Taylor. Oh my God! Man. Bloody hell! Oh you're kidding. Dr Britta Denise Hardesty. I am not. NARRATIONA hundred and seventy- five pieces of plastic, including bottle tops, balloon ties and a doll's arm. Anja Taylor. These are all of the pieces of plastic taken from that bird's stomach three days ago. It represents about five to eight percent of the bird's body weight. That's the equivalent of me carrying around three to five kilograms of plastic in my stomach. NARRATIONWhat makes this even more disturbing is where it's occurring, the beautiful and seemingly pristine Lord Howe Island. Sadly deaths like these are nothing new to local biologist, Ian Hutton. Anja Taylor. So you have been documenting this for quite a while? Ian Hutton. Yeah back about the year 2. I started to notice there's little bits of plastic on the forest floor here and began searching and then I started to find skeletons of birds, chicks, look here's one over here in the forest. So this is the sort of thing that we do find here in .. Anja Taylor. Oh my goodness. Ian Hutton.. So that's a chick, we can see the down on it, so it is a chick. Anja Taylor. So these are all of the bits of plastic that it's swallowed? Ian Hutton. That's right. Anja Taylor. Is this something that you find often? Ian Hutton. Well walking through the forest I find carcass after carcass just like this. NARRATIONThese plastic delicacies are fed to shearwater chicks by their parents who mistake floating rubbish for fish. Ian Hutton. We have this year flushed the stomachs of about fifty chicks and each one of those did have some plastic, some large amounts. NARRATIONMany chicks don't make it to adulthood. It's hardly a surprise that the local shearwaters are in rapid population decline. But this is not a story about a bird species in trouble, nor is it the story of some littering Lord Howe locals. What we're seeing here is a world problem so severe it's hard to fathom. Dr Britta Denise Hardesty. Our fishing nets are no longer made from hemp and from natural fibres. I mean we drive in plastic, we talk on plastic, we sit on plastic chairs. We, we package our food in it, you can go on an airplane now and there might be fifteen or twenty pieces of plastic just to get you from point A to point B. NARRATIONIt's estimated three point five million pieces of new plastic enter the world's oceans daily. Carried on global currents they accumulate in huge circulating gyres causing countless injuries to marine life along the way. Dr Britta Denise Hardesty. It's a global issue. We're finding plastics in seabirds all around Australia. It's happening on our own shores and with our own breeding populations around here as well. Where's it coming from, what's the overall impact on wildlife, where's it going to? Understanding the sources and sinks of that marine debris is a really big question still. NARRATIONDenise is spear heading a nationwide study to tackle these questions. It's the first time marine debris has been assessed on such a huge scale. Dr Britta Denise Hardesty. Yep that's perfect. So we're going to just walk up either side of the transect, we're going to look out either side about a metre from us, okay? Anja Taylor. Okay. NARRATIONOn this deserted island beach plastic can be found within seconds. Anja Taylor. There's a bit. There's a big bit. Dr Britta Denise Hardesty. There's a big bit here. So I'm going to pick that piece up and I'm going to actually look at it on my size chart and I'm going to record how big that piece is there. Anja Taylor. What is that? Dr Britta Denise Hardesty. Oh that actually looks to me like the top of a, of a big jerry can. Anja Taylor. Just big enough to fit around a bird's neck? Dr Britta Denise Hardesty. Ah that's certainly correct. NARRATIONThe debris we're finding here is well travelled, sometimes covered in foreign species. Stowaways like these tiny barnacles may survive for thousands of kilometres and cause devastation to native species when they arrive. Dr Britta Denise Hardesty. So as we go out on these beaches and we pick up rubbish on our shores, we say okay, 'This is the debris that's come here. We can then use oceanographic models that tell us, you know, what are the winds, what are the currents? These bits of garbage that ended up here where did they most likely come from? NARRATIONThere's thirty- five thousand kilometres of Australian coastline to cover. To fill in information gaps CSIRO is joining forces with Earth Watch and training up volunteers. Dr Britta Denise Hardesty. We're working with school groups, teachers, citizen scientists around the country, because we simply can't get all the information at every little beach along the way. I really think that by teaching kids that's where we're going to start to see that change. NARRATIONSo far the survey is more than three quarters of the way around the continent. Lord Howe Island is just one stop on the map. Anja Taylor. It's an important survey point due to its location and its numerous species of nesting seabirds. This one's the Providence Petrel. And he's very friendly. NARRATIONOver two hundred and seventy species worldwide are known to be affected by marine debris, including nearly half of all seabird species. Dr Britta Denise Hardesty. Well our ultimate goal is to get a priority list to understand which of the species are more and less threatened by marine debris. And to do that we need to know you know where those birds are foraging for example. Where those turtles are foraging or how they feed, or the size of the birds and those sorts of things. NARRATIONLike many people I've been aware for some time that plastic is not great for marine life. But it wasn't until I looked closely at the tide line of Ned's Beach that the penny really dropped. Anja Taylor. There's lot of little tiny bits. Dr Britta Denise Hardesty. This is getting into what they, what they call micro plastics right. And if you look here I bet we've got fifty or a hundred bits just in this little bit. So you can see where the waterline would have come up. Here's little bits .. NARRATIONPlastics don't biodegrade but over many years in the sun and elements they break down into smaller and smaller pieces until they're so small they're hard to see. Anja Taylor. Look on any beach in the tide line and you're likely to find hundreds of these tiny little pieces of plastic. It starts to give you an inkling of just how much must be out there. But the real problem with these harmless looking pieces is they can be ingested by animals right down at the bottom of the food chain - as far down as plankton - and that's where plastics come back to meet their maker. NARRATIONZoologist Doctor Dr Jennifer Lavers has spent the past five seasons working on the Lord Howe shearwater problem and has found the severe effects of micro plastics are happening at a molecular level. Dr Jennifer Lavers They have what I call the invisible toxic effect. It, it's less easy to detect but equally as scary. The plastic itself inherently contains a wide array of chemicals that are used during the manufacturing and processes. When the plastic is put out into the marine environment and it floats around in the ocean for let's say ten or forty years it really does last forever, it basically acts like a little magnet or a sponge and it takes all the contaminants that are out there in the ocean environment that are really diluted in the ocean water and it concentrates it up, onto the surface. Plastic itself has up to a thousand times a higher concentration of contaminants on its surface than the surrounding seawater from which it came. And when the animal, whether it's a turtle or a seabird takes that into their body those contaminants leach out into the blood stream and is incorporated into the tissues. NARRATIONJennifer Lavers collects and weighs plastic from dead birds and sends the feathers off for lab analysis. They reveal what contaminants are in the body. Dr Jennifer Lavers The flesh footed shearwater on Lord Howe Island is officially the world's most heavily contaminated seabird. Just from mercury alone, the toxic threshold that's widely regarded around the world for birds is four point three parts per million. Anything above that four point three PPM is considered toxic to the birds. Well flesh footed shearwaters on Lord Howe Island are between one thousand and three thousand parts per million. NARRATIONAsides from death, mercury can cause a wide array of effects from neurological damage to infertility. And mercury is just one of the many toxic contaminants found in and on plastic debris. Dr Jennifer Lavers There is now a huge range of studies that are coming out almost every month that are showing marine species at the absolute base of the food chain are ingesting these plastics and these contaminants. Anything really that comes out of the ocean you cannot certify that as organic any longer. NARRATIONIts estimated fish in the North Pacific now consume up to twenty- four thousand tonnes of plastic a year. As one predator eats another contaminants biomagnify. This means the most vulnerable animal to the effects of toxic plastic contamination is the one at the very top of the food chain, us. Dr Jennifer Lavers If you eat seafood in any fashion whatsoever the plastic pollution and corresponding contaminant problem has relevance to you. Heinemann Biology 3rd Edition Preliminary – weblinks. Click here for our disclaimer about links to other websites. Ecosystem. swf. Interactive simulation for the analysis of an ecosystem. Interactive tutorial and game on food chains. Textbook page/s: 3. Check out the Electronic Library for measuring techniques and reference guides. Water sampling techniques are included in the Teachers' section. Go to Water. Net for further resources. This covers the HSC syllabus only in an excellent format with direct links from each syllabus dot point. At preliminary level you can use it to look ahead; to get general exam preparation advice and links to some resources. Past papers and marker's reports. Information about the HSC process. Textbook page/s: 5. University of Sydney site with website links for the whole course. There is a topic by topic summary of useful sites for all preliminary (and HSC) topics. The biomes links are NOT useful as they are US based. Click on a menu item and follow links to specific information. Especially relevant: 'Nutrition For All Ages', 'Food Facts' and 'Frequently Asked Questions'. Considers benefits and safety of nuclear medicine. Lists conditions for which nuclear medicine is used as a diagnostic tool. Includes animation. Concise explanations of chromosome behaviour at each stage. This covers the HSC syllabus only in an excellent format with direct links from each syllabus dot point. At preliminary level you can use it to look ahead; to get general exam preparation advice and links to some resources. Past papers and marker's reports. Information about the HSC process. Textbook page/s: 1. University of Sydney site with website links for the whole course. There is a topic by topic summary of useful sites for all preliminary (and HSC) topics. Miller exploring the origins of life and featuring a summary and animation of the Miller- Urey experiment. Includes links to related sites. Click on 'The individual fossil index' for a more detailed look at fossils represented in these deposits. Excellent graphics and descriptions. Includes links to other sites. Considers complexity of fossils as well as rock strata. Includes phylogenetic tree of different groups of bacteria. Follow the link to the 'Major groups of procaryotes' for more details about each group. This covers the HSC syllabus only in an excellent format with direct links from each syllabus dot point. At preliminary level you can use it to look ahead; to get general exam preparation advice and links to some resources. Past papers and marker's reports. Information about the HSC process. Textbook page/s: 2. University of Sydney websitehttp: //science. University of Sydney site with website links for the whole course. There is a topic by topic summary of useful sites for all preliminary (and HSC) topics. Mother Nature – who killed the megafauna? Examines accompanying changes in vegetation, including pollen analysis data from Australian localities. Examines accompanying changes in vegetation, including pollen analysis data from Australian localities. Examines accompanying changes in vegetation, including pollen analysis data from Australian localities. Indicates cyclical change in vegetation and climate during Pliocene and Quaternary. Mother Nature – who killed the megafauna? Examines accompanying changes in vegetation, including pollen analysis data from Australian localities. Each part of the process is clearly and succinctly explained using excellent graphics. Includes animation of meiosis 1 and meiosis 2. This covers the HSC syllabus only in an excellent format with direct links from each syllabus dot point. At preliminary level you can use it to look ahead; to get general exam preparation advice and links to some resources. Past papers and marker's reports. Information about the HSC process. There is a topic by topic summary of useful sites for all preliminary (and HSC) topics. There is a topic by topic summary of useful sites for all preliminary (and HSC) topics. Use this is if you think you are weak in general biology background and want a quick easy refresher course. This covers the HSC syllabus only in an excellent format with direct links from each syllabus dot point. At preliminary level you can use it to look ahead; to get general exam preparation advice and links to some resources. Past papers and marker's reports. Information about the HSC process. There is a topic by topic summary of useful sites for all preliminary (and HSC) topics.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. Archives
October 2017
Categories |